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INITIATIVES OF MOTHER
‘MOTHER’- “A Support Group For Patients, Physicians and Public”
 




In India Organ Donation and Transplantation is governed by an Act of Parliament i.e. Transplan­tation of Human Organs Act-1994. The same was adopted by the Orissa Legislative Assembly (OLA) in Aug. 1998. The necessary rules for constituting the Appropriate Authority and Authorization Committee were put in place in May 2001 only. But no rules were framed to formalize Brain Death and thus no ground was prepared to go for Cadaveric Transplantation.

When the rest of the World is trying to increase the percentage of Non Heart Beating Donation (NHBD) compared to Beating Heart Donation, most parts of India is not even aware of the existence of such a treatment for the people with end stage organ failure. When the average rate of Deceased Donor Transplantation (DDT) is 35 per Million in Spain, it is not even one in India.

With this background and with the aim of promoting DDT in Orissa, when MOTHER started its activities in May 2007, it confronted the following scenario:

1. Ignorance on the part of not only the policy makers and policy implementers, but also on the part of Doctors.

2. Lack of awareness and appreciation among the people.

3. Social and religious superstition among almost all sections of the society. 4. Absence of proper legal frame work to facilitate DDT(Deceaed Donor Transplantation).

5. Lack of suitable Hospital facility. No Govt. Hospital has the facility yet.

6. In most of the Govt. Hospitals, the dialysis machines were not operational since their procure­ment in 2004.

7. Lack of confidence in the ability of local surgeons and especially on the private Hospitals.


In order to overcome the above, we adopted the following steps:

1. Distributed IEC (Information, Education & Communication) materials to as many people pos­sible. Nearly 20,000 leaflets have been distributed so far.

2. Organized events and mass rally to propagate the concept.

3. Inserted articles in Oriya dailies.

4. Tried to reach the people through T.V. telecast both on Door Darshan and local channel. (Five telecasts so far).

5. Had meeting with H.E., the Governor of Orissa, and the Hon'ble Chief Minister. Had Several meetings with the Hon'ble Health Ministers and Health Secretaries.

Results of our Initiatives

1. Starting of a 5 beded ICU in Capital hospital in May 2010. Govt. has assured to expand it to a 16 beded one during 2011-12.

2.  Operationalisation of the dialysis unit of Capital hospital in Sept. 2010. It may be noted that the equipment was procured in 2004 and was lying idle.

3. Even though Organ donation and Transplantation has been made legal in our country by an Act of Parliament, i.e Transplantation of Human Organs Act-94, the same was adopted by the Odisha Legislative Assembly(OLA) in Aug.1998 and the necessary committes and rules were put in place in May 2001. However they omitted a very important issue, i.e declaration of brain death. MOTHER has got it legalized only in Nov.2009 to facilitate cadaveric donation and Transplantation.

4. Kalinga hospital started Kidney Transplantation in Nov.2002 till Nov.2007 they performed only 29 Transplants in 5 Years. Because of our awareness program people came to know of Transplantation and that has also helped many people to devlop their confidence, so that during the last 4 years Kalinga hospital has performed more than 200 Transplant.

5. The four years of persuasion and persevering efforts of MOTHER starting in Dec'2007, strongly supplemented by an order dt 20-08-2010 of the Hon'ble High Court in a Civil writ petition no 11218/2010 to the Govt. of Odisha to start Transplant surgery unit in all the three Govt. Medical Colleges, has culminated in the launching of the Kidney Transplant facilities in SCB Medical Collge, to start with, by the Hon'ble Minister on date 03-12-2011.

In sum, even though the deceased donor kidney Transplantation was attempted in 1988 in Calcutta, and deceased donor Liver Transplantation was attempted there in Jan 2010, no other place of Eastern India has ever attempted for DDT(Deceaed Donor Transplantation) yet.

ISSUES PENDING WITH THE GOVT. OF ODISHA

MOTHER has been discussing the following issues with the Govt. at various levels including Hon'ble Chief Minister.
 

Sl No

Measure

Impact
1
In Oct,2007 Govt, of India (G01) announced to set up 10 more Organ Retrieval and Banking Organisation (ORBO) apart from the only one functioning in AIIMS. Govt. of Orissa is yet to stake its claim with G01.
This will help preservation of Kidney up to 5 days. Now, with the help of the chemical the Kidney can be preserved for maximum 2 days.
2
Operationalisation of Regional Diagnostic Centers of Baripada, Bhawanipatna, Koraput & Sundergarh established since 2004 with the assistance from world bank.
It was aimed to provide affordable Diagnostic facilities to the people of Tribal area. It may be recalled that 20 people died of Kidney failure in Kalahandi 2008. Similarly nearly 20 persons died at Jharsuguda recently.
3
Donation of Human Dead body.
As per the guidelines of Medical Council of India (MCI) 8 students are to work on a cadaver for anatomical dissection. At present in Orissa only 1 cadaver is available for nearly 25-30 students in spite of having only 6 Medical Colleges,
In spite of having more than 30 Medical colleges, there is no  hortage of cadaver in  aharashtra because they have an Act, i.e Bombay Anatomy Act -1949 which encourages the donation of Human Dead body. Even though Orissa Anatomy Act -1975 has been legislated the authors of the Act missed to include this clause.
4
Dispensing with the provision of approval by the Authorization Committee (A.C.) in case of living related donation. The Act doesn't provide so and hence states like Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra etc, the leaders in Organ Transplantation don't have this system.
 This will facilitate speedy disposal of cases.
5
Expansion of Capital hospital, which is quite  inadequate both capacity wise and quality wise, and creation of Transplants surgery unit.
 Self Explanatory
6
It should be mandatory on the part of all ICU'S to declare the brain death after it occurs
This will facilitate more collection of Organs and increase the availability of the equipments for the people who have the chance of survival.

7

Introduction of the poem, "Life... Pass on" by Robert N.
Test in the curriculum of class X. This was taken up with Board of Secondary Education since 2007.

This will enkindle the sprit of the youth for Organ Donation.
8
Introduction of Biju Pattnaik Arogyashri Insurance Scheme, in line with Rajiv Gandhi Arogyashri as is prevalent in Andhra Pradesh
As per the scheme, the people belonging to BPL group will be covered up to an amount of Rs. 1.5 lacs per year for  reatment and the premium is to be paid by the State. Apart from taking care of the normal health issues of the people of BPL group, this will also give them courage to go for transplantation, when needed. This
will also act as an incentive for the doctors to go rural.
9
Adoption of Transplantation of Human Organs(Amendment) Act-2011, by ODISHA Legislative Assembly, as passed by Parliment in Aug. 2011.
The benifit will flow to the prospective beneficiaries at the earliest.
10
Establishment of a University exclusively meant for Health Sciences, like Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (1998) and West Bengal University of Health Sciences (2002).
This will help uniformity of curriculum & uniform evaluation of the students of all the medical colleges. This will bring Allopathic, Homeo Pathy, Unani Ayurvedic, Pharmacy, Nursing and Denstistry under one Administration for better co-ordination.
 

*It is heartening to note that the Hon'ble High Court in its judgment dt.20.08.10 has directed the Govt. of Orissa to start the Transplantation facilities in all the 3 Govt. Medical colleges at the earliest.

# Vide the same judgment as referred to above, the Hon'ble Court has also directed the Govt. to ensure speedy disposal of the application of the Transplant candidates and immediate notification of the decisions.
 
 
 
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